1. Basic tsari kwarara
Akwai nau'ikan samfuran roba da yawa, amma tsarin samarwa iri ɗaya ne.Ainihin tsari na kayayyakin roba tare da gabaɗaya m roba-raw roba kamar yadda albarkatun kasa ya hada da asali matakai guda shida: plasticizing, hadawa, calending, extrusion, gyare-gyare da vulcanization.Tabbas, matakai na yau da kullun kamar shirye-shiryen albarkatun ƙasa, ƙarewar samfurin, dubawa da marufi suma suna da mahimmanci.Fasahar sarrafawa na roba shine yafi magance sabani tsakanin filastik da kaddarorin roba.Ta hanyar fasaha iri-iri, ana juyar da robar roba ta zama roba mai masticated, sannan kuma ana sanya nau'ikan hadaddun abubuwa daban-daban don yin kayan da ba a gama ba, sannan kuma samfuran da ba a gama ba su zama samfuran roba tare da elasticity mai kyau da kyau na jiki da na inji. Properties ta hanyar vulcanization.
2. Shirye-shiryen albarkatun kasa
Babban danyen kayayyakin roba shi ne danyen roba a matsayin kayan masarufi, kuma ana tattara danyen robar ta hanyar yankan bawon itatuwan roba da ake nomawa a wurare masu zafi da na kasa da kasa.
Daban-daban jami'ai masu haɗawa sune kayan taimako da aka ƙara don inganta wasu kaddarorin samfuran roba.
Ana amfani da kayan fiber (auduga, hemp, ulu da filaye daban-daban da mutum ya yi, filayen roba da kayan ƙarfe, wayoyi na ƙarfe) azaman kayan kwarangwal don samfuran roba don haɓaka ƙarfin injina da iyakance lalacewar samfur.A cikin aiwatar da shirye-shiryen albarkatun kasa, dole ne a auna sinadarai daidai gwargwadon tsari.Domin danyen roba da ma'auni mai haɗawa su kasance tare da juna, ana buƙatar sarrafa kayan.Ya kamata a yi laushi da ɗanyen roba a cikin ɗakin bushewa a 60-70 ℃, sa'an nan kuma a yanka a cikin ƙananan ƙananan.Wakilin mai haɗawa yana da dunƙulewa.Kamar paraffin, stearic acid, rosin, da dai sauransu da za a niƙa.Idan foda ya ƙunshi najasa injiniyoyi ko ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, yana buƙatar a tace shi don cire masu ruwa kamar Pine tar da coumarone, waɗanda ke buƙatar dumama, narkewa, kwashe, da tacewa.Samuwar kumfa a lokacin vulcanization iri ɗaya yana shafar ingancin samfur.
3. Filastik
Raw roba yana da roba kuma yana da ƙarancin filastik da ake buƙata don sarrafawa, don haka ba shi da sauƙin sarrafawa.Don inganta robobin sa, ya zama dole a yi amfani da danyen robar, ta yadda za a samu saukin tarwatsewar sinadaran a cikin danyen robar yayin hadawa, sannan kuma yana taimakawa wajen inganta yadda ake hadawa. roba da kuma shiga cikin fiber masana'anta a lokacin calendering da kafa tsari.da gyare-gyaren ruwa.Tsarin lalata kwayoyin dogon sarkar na danyen roba don samar da roba ana kiransa mastication.Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na plasticizing raw roba: inji plasticizing da thermal plasticizing.Mastication na injiniya wani tsari ne wanda kwayoyin roba masu dogon sarkar ke lalacewa da kuma rage su daga babban yanayin roba zuwa yanayin filastik ta hanyar extrusion na inji da gogayya na filastik a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki.Zafi mai zafi shine shigar da iska mai zafi zuwa cikin ɗanyen roba a ƙarƙashin aikin zafi da iskar oxygen don ƙasƙantar da ƙwayoyin dogon sarkar da rage su don samun filastik.
4.Hadawa
Don daidaitawa da yanayi daban-daban na amfani, samun kaddarorin daban-daban, kuma don haɓaka aikin samfuran roba da rage farashi, dole ne a ƙara ma'auni daban-daban a cikin ɗanyen roba.Hadawa wani tsari ne da ake hada danyen robar da aka yi masticated da sinadaran hadawa, sannan kuma ana watsewa gaba daya a cikin danyen roba ta hanyar hada injin a cikin injin hadakar roba.Hadawa shine muhimmin tsari a cikin tsarin samar da samfuran roba.Idan hadawa ba daidai ba ne, tasirin roba da masu haɗawa ba za a iya cika su ba, wanda ke shafar aikin samfurin.Abun roba da aka samu bayan hadawa ana kiransa roba mai hade.Wani abu ne da aka kammala shi don kera samfuran roba daban-daban, wanda aka fi sani da kayan roba, wanda galibi ana sayar dashi azaman kayayyaki.Masu siye za su iya amfani da kayan roba don sarrafa kai tsaye, siffata shi da ɓoye shi cikin samfuran roba da ake buƙata..Bisa ga nau'o'i daban-daban, akwai jerin nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban da nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban tare da kaddarorin daban-daban don zaɓar daga.
5. Samuwar
A cikin tsarin samar da samfuran roba, tsarin prefabricating daban-daban siffofi da girma ta calenders ko extruders ake kira molding.
6.Vulcanization
Hanyar juyar da robar roba zuwa roba na roba ana kiranta vulcanization.Shi ne don ƙara wani adadin vulcanizing wakili kamar su sulfur, vulcanization accelerator, da dai sauransu. The mikakke kwayoyin da raw roba suna giciye-linked da juna don samar da wani uku-girma cibiyar sadarwa tsarin ta hanyar samuwar "sulfur gadoji", ta yadda roba roba fili ya zama vulcanizate na roba sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 29-2022
