Roba wani nau'in kayan polymer ne mai ƙarfi, ƙarƙashin aikin ƙaramin ƙarfin waje, yana iya nuna babban matakin nakasa, kuma bayan an cire ƙarfin waje, yana iya komawa ga siffarsa ta asali. Saboda yawan sassaucin roba, ana amfani da shi sosai wajen sanya matashin kai, hana girgiza, rufewa mai ƙarfi, da sauransu. Aikace-aikacen a masana'antar bugawa ya haɗa da na'urorin birgima na roba daban-daban da barguna na bugawa. Tare da ci gaban masana'antar roba, samfuran roba sun haɓaka daga amfani da roba na halitta sau ɗaya zuwa nau'ikan roba na roba.
1. Roba ta halitta
Robar halitta tana da sinadarin hydrocarbons na roba (polysoprene), wanda ke ɗauke da ƙaramin adadin furotin, ruwa, resin acid, sukari da gishirin da ba na halitta ba. Robar halitta tana da babban sassauci, ƙarfin juriya mai yawa, juriyar hawaye da kuma kariya daga iskar lantarki, juriyar lalacewa da fari, ingantaccen sarrafawa, robar halitta tana da sauƙin haɗawa da sauran kayayyaki, kuma aikinta gabaɗaya ya fi na robar roba mai roba kyau. Rashin ƙarfin robar halitta shine juriya mara kyau ga iskar oxygen da ozone, sauƙin tsufa da lalacewa; rashin juriya mara kyau ga mai da abubuwan narkewa, ƙarancin juriya ga acid da alkali, ƙarancin juriya ga tsatsa; ƙarancin juriya ga zafi. Yanayin zafin aiki na robar halitta: kimanin -60℃~+80℃Ana amfani da robar halitta don yin tayoyi, takalman roba, bututun ruwa, tef, yadudduka masu rufewa da kuma murfin wayoyi da kebul, da sauran kayayyaki na yau da kullun. Robar halitta ta dace musamman don ƙera na'urorin kawar da girgiza mai juyawa, masu shaƙar girgizar injin, tallafin injin, abubuwan dakatar da roba da ƙarfe, diaphragms, da samfuran da aka ƙera.
2. SBR
SBR copolymer ne na butadiene da styrene. Aikin robar styrene-butadiene yana kusa da na robar halitta, kuma a halin yanzu shine mafi girman samar da robar roba ta roba mai amfani da shi gabaɗaya. Halayen robar styrene-butadiene sune juriyar lalacewa, juriyar tsufa da juriyar zafi sun wuce robar halitta, kuma yanayin sa ya fi kama da robar halitta. Rashin kyawun robar styrene-butadiene sune: ƙarancin sassauci, rashin juriyar lanƙwasa da juriyar tsagewa; rashin aikin sarrafawa mara kyau, musamman rashin mannewa kai da ƙarancin ƙarfin robar kore. Yanayin zafin robar styrene-butadiene: kimanin -50℃~+100℃Ana amfani da robar Styrene butadiene galibi don maye gurbin robar halitta don yin tayoyi, zanen roba, bututu, takalman roba da sauran kayayyaki na yau da kullun.
3. Robar Nitrile
Robar Nitrile copolymer ce ta butadiene da acrylonitrile. Robar Nitrile tana da kyakkyawan juriya ga man fetur da man hydrocarbon na aliphatic, wanda ke biye da robar polysulfide, acrylic ester da kuma robar fluorine, yayin da robar nitrile ta fi sauran robar da ake amfani da su a aikace. Kyakkyawan juriya ga zafi, kyakkyawan matsewar iska, juriyar lalacewa da juriyar ruwa, da kuma mannewa mai ƙarfi. Rashin kyawun robar nitrile shine rashin juriyar sanyi da juriyar ozone, ƙarancin ƙarfi da sassauci, rashin juriyar acid, rashin kariya daga iskar lantarki, da kuma rashin juriya ga sinadarai masu ƙarfi. Yanayin zafin robar nitrile: kimanin -30℃~+100℃Ana amfani da robar nitrile galibi wajen ƙera kayayyaki daban-daban masu jure wa mai, kamar su bututu, kayayyakin rufewa, na'urorin birgima na roba, da sauransu.
4. Robar nitrile mai hydrogenated
Robar nitrile mai hydrogenated copolymer ce ta butadiene da acrylonitrile. Ana samun robar nitrile mai hydrogenated ta hanyar cikakken ko kuma wani ɓangare na hydrogenation bonds biyu a cikin butadiene na NBR. Robar nitrile mai hydrogenated yana da ƙarfin injiniya mai ƙarfi da juriyar gogewa, juriyar zafi ya fi NBR kyau idan aka haɗa shi da peroxide, kuma sauran kaddarorin iri ɗaya ne da robar nitrile. Rashin kyawun robar nitrile mai hydrogenated shine mafi girman farashinsa. Yanayin zafin jiki na robar nitrile mai hydrogenated: kimanin -30℃~+150℃Ana amfani da robar nitrile mai hydrogenated musamman don samfuran rufewa masu jure mai da kuma masu jure zafi mai yawa.
5. Robar Ethylene propylene
Robar Ethylene propylene copolymer ce ta ethylene da propylene, kuma gabaɗaya an raba ta zuwa robar yuan ethylene propylene propylene guda biyu da robar yuan ethylene propylene propylene guda uku. Robar Ethylene-propylene tana da kyakkyawan juriya ga ozone, juriya ga ultraviolet, juriya ga yanayi da juriya ga tsufa, wanda ke matsayi na farko a tsakanin robar da ake amfani da ita a gabaɗaya. Robar Ethylene-propylene tana da kyakkyawan kariya daga lantarki, juriya ga sinadarai, sassaucin tasiri, juriya ga acid da alkali, ƙarancin nauyi, kuma ana iya amfani da ita don cikewa mai yawa. Juriyar zafi na iya kaiwa 150°C, kuma yana da juriya ga sinadaran da ke narkewa a polar - ketones, esters, da sauransu, amma robar ethylene propylene ba ta da juriya ga hydrocarbons na aliphatic da hydrocarbons masu ƙamshi. Sauran halayen jiki da na injiniya na robar ethylene propylene sun ɗan yi ƙasa da robar halitta kuma sun fi robar styrene butadiene. Rashin kyawun robar ethylene-propylene shine yana da ƙarancin mannewa da mannewa juna, kuma ba shi da sauƙin haɗawa. Yanayin zafin jiki na robar ethylene propylene: kimanin -50℃~+150℃Ana amfani da robar Ethylene-propylene galibi a matsayin rufin kayan aikin sinadarai, murfin waya da kebul, bututun tururi, bel ɗin jigilar kaya mai jure zafi, kayayyakin roba na motoci da sauran kayayyakin masana'antu.
6. Roba ta silicone
Robar silicone roba ce ta musamman wacce ke da sinadarin silicon da kuma sinadarin oxygen a cikin babban sarkar. Sinadarin silicon yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin robar silicone. Babban halayen robar silicone duka suna da juriya ga zafin jiki mai yawa (har zuwa 300).°C) da kuma juriya ga yanayin zafi (mafi ƙanƙanta -100)°C). A halin yanzu shine mafi kyawun roba mai jure zafi mai zafi; a lokaci guda, robar silicone tana da kyakkyawan rufin lantarki kuma tana da karko ga iskar shaka da ozone. Tana da juriya sosai kuma ba ta da sinadarai. Rashin kyawun robar silicone shine ƙarancin ƙarfin injiniya, rashin juriyar mai, juriyar narkewa, juriyar acid da alkali, da wahalar vulcanize, kuma ta fi tsada. Zafin aiki na robar silicone: -60℃~+200℃Ana amfani da robar silicone galibi don yin samfuran da ke jure zafi mai yawa da ƙarancin zafi (bututu, hatimi, da sauransu), da kuma rufin waya da kebul masu jure zafi mai yawa. Saboda ba shi da guba kuma ba shi da ɗanɗano, ana amfani da robar silicone a masana'antar abinci da likitanci.
7. Roba mai ƙarfi na polyurethane
Robar Polyurethane tana da elastomer da aka samar ta hanyar polymerization na polyester (ko polyether) da diisocyanate mahadi. Robar Polyurethane tana da kyakkyawan juriya ga gogewa, wanda shine mafi kyau a cikin dukkan nau'ikan roba; robar polyurethane tana da ƙarfi mai yawa, kyakkyawan sassauci da kuma kyakkyawan juriya ga mai. Robar Polyurethane kuma tana da kyau a cikin juriyar ozone, juriya ga tsufa, da kuma matsewar iska. Rashin kyawun robar polyurethane sune rashin juriya ga yanayin zafi, rashin juriya ga ruwa da alkali, da kuma rashin juriya ga hydrocarbons masu ƙamshi, hydrocarbons masu chlorine, da abubuwan narkewa kamar ketones, esters, da alcohols. Yanayin zafin amfani na robar polyurethane: kimanin -30℃~+80℃Ana amfani da robar polyurethane don yin tayoyi kusa da sassa, gaskets, kayayyakin da ke hana girgiza, na'urorin birgima na roba, da samfuran roba masu jure lalacewa, masu ƙarfi da juriya ga mai.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-07-2021
